Essential questions: • What led to the rise, flourishing, and fall of the Mayan civilization? • What were the significant achievements of the Mayas? • What are the similarities and differences between Mayan and European feudal societies?
Essential questions: • What led to the rise, flourishing, and fall of the Incan civilization? • What were the significant achievements of the Incas? • What are the similarities and differences between Incan and European feudal societies?
Empires of Ghana and Mali in West Africa/Influence of ruler Mansa Musa
Textbook pgs. 189-193
Essential questions: • What valuable natural resources were available in West Africa, and how did trans-Saharan trade lead to Mali’s wealth and success? • In what ways did Islam influence West African society? • What are the similarities and differences between West African and European feudal societies?
Art possibilities: Why has so little survived from the Mali Empire? A. As in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, works of art were frequently made in perishable materials such as wood and fibers. When these objects deteriorated, artists were commissioned to create new ones. Old and damaged works were abandoned or appropriately discarded, creating a constant need for new works. Objects made of more durable materials, like terracotta or metal, survive. (Source: http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/resources/mali/res.htm)
Zimbabwe/City-states in East Africa/Influence of Ibn Battuta
Textbook pgs. 194-196
Essential questions: • What valuable natural resources were available in East Africa, and with which regions did communities along the coast trade? • How do Ibn Battuta's travels help us to learn more about this region in the Middle Ages? • What are the similarities and differences between Southern African and European feudal societies?
Essential questions: • How did the Mongols build an empire in the Eurasian steppes, and what impact did Mongol conquest have on Mongol society and the societies they conquered? • What was the Silk Road and how did it play a role in trade and exploration? • What are the similarities and differences between Japanese and European feudal societies?
Essential questions: • What were the roles and responsibilities of members of the Japanese feudal class structure? • What are the cultural and intellectual traditions that emerged during the Japanese feudal period, and in what ways did neighboring cultures influence Japan? • What are the similarities and differences between Japanese and European feudal societies?
The museum links below may be helpful for you to find additional artifacts related to your civilization. Type in search words to see if the museum collection has any art or artifacts that relate to your culture (ex. search "feudal Japan"). Recommended: keep a folder on your desktop for images AND keep track of their URLs!
Scroll to the region you're studying below...
Mayas
Textbook pgs. 380-383, 384-387
Essential questions:
• What led to the rise, flourishing, and fall of the Mayan civilization?
• What were the significant achievements of the Mayas?
• What are the similarities and differences between Mayan and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/maya/maya-map.gif
• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/map-of-the-maya-world.html (click on "launch interactive").
Links for reading & research:
National Geographic article - Maya Rise and Fall
NOVA - Map of the Maya World (see interactive feature to learn about important Mayan sites)
NOVA (Maya - video 13 min.) - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/maya.html
Ball game: http://penn.museum/documents/education/mesoEducatorCOMBO.pdf
Mayan agriculture: http://www.nature.com/news/2010/101105/full/news.2010.587.html and https://maya.nmai.si.edu/maya-sun/sun-corn-and-calendar
PBS video (55 min.) - Lost Maya
Discovery Education (text) - Fall of Mayan Civilization
Why did the center of Mayan civilization collapse? Watch this National Geographic videoabout climate change (4 min.)
Tikal
Smithsonian magazine - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/secrets-of-the-maya-deciphering-tikal-2289808/
Britannica - https://www.britannica.com/place/Tikal
Incas
Textbook pgs. 389-390
Essential questions:
• What led to the rise, flourishing, and fall of the Incan civilization?
• What were the significant achievements of the Incas?
• What are the similarities and differences between Incan and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/04/inca-empire/map/Inca_MainMap3_sg.jpg
• http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nSBmI2tdvRg/T-CVZ_AauSI/AAAAAAAAC9o/aHPMncd7yHM/s1600/PeruMap.jpg
Links for reading & research:
History Channel Video (5 min.) - Machu Picchu
PBS Nova Video (55 min.) - Ghosts of Machu Picchu
National Geographic article - Inca Empire
NOVA - Lost Incan Empire - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/lost-inca-empire.html
NOVA - Rise of the Incas - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/inca-empire.html
Inca roads - http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33291373 and
http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2015/08/29/435480149/for-inca-road-builders-extreme-terrain-was-no-obstacle
Quipu:
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/HistTopics/Inca_mathematics.html
https://50.neh.gov/projects/quipus-inca-language-knots
Empires of Ghana and Mali in West Africa/Influence of ruler Mansa Musa
Textbook pgs. 189-193Essential questions:
• What valuable natural resources were available in West Africa, and how did trans-Saharan trade lead to Mali’s wealth and success?
• In what ways did Islam influence West African society?
• What are the similarities and differences between West African and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/images/africa_kingdoms.jpg
• http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/teachers/images/rivers_west_africa.jpg
• http://ancientafricae.wikispaces.com/file/view/lr004258.gif/30338000/lr004258.gif
Links for reading & research:
BBC (brief text), West African Kingdoms
PBS (brief text), Empires of Mali and Ghana
UNESCO - Timbuktu - http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/119
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/07/world/africa/07mali.html
Metropolitan Museum of Art - Ghana Empire, Trade and Expansion of Islam in West Africa,and Trans-Saharan Gold Trade
National Geographic article - http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/05/0528_030528_saltcaravan.html and images:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/05/photogalleries/salt/index.html
Gold mining / Gold weights
British Museum - http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/online_research_catalogues/agw/african_gold-weights/gold-weights_and_proverbs.aspx
Ibn Battuta
Ibn Battuta: http://www.crf-usa.org/bill-of-rights-in-action/bria-18-1-c-ibn-battuta-the-greatest-traveler-in-the-middle-ages
Manuscripts
http://memory.loc.gov/intldl/malihtml/islam.html
http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/0307-8/timbuktu.html
http://www.indiana.edu/~libsalc/african/ALN124/124kuntz.html
http://www.tombouctoumanuscripts.org/images/uploads/ScriptandScholarshipCatalogue.pdf
http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/timbuktu-manuscripts-mali
Purpose of astronomy in Islamic world:
http://www.starteachastronomy.com/arab.html
http://www.muslimheritage.com/article/al-khalili-spherical-astronomy
Catalan Atlas
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/themes/hajj/the_journey/routes/the_african_route/west_africa.aspx
http://archivesetmanuscrits.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cc34905r
Timbuktu
http://www.1001inventions.com/timbuktu
Mosque in Timbuktu
https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/mar/27/timbuktu-djinguereber-mosque-history-cities-buildings
https://www.britannica.com/place/Sankore-mosque
Videos - West Africa Empires
• (2:06): Discovery Channel - Ghana
• (2:50): National Geographic Mansa Musa
• Timbuktu (5:53) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jR2NeK9f9o
• Timbuktu UNESCO (2:57): http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/119/video
Art possibilities:
Why has so little survived from the Mali Empire? A. As in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, works of art were frequently made in perishable materials such as wood and fibers. When these objects deteriorated, artists were commissioned to create new ones. Old and damaged works were abandoned or appropriately discarded, creating a constant need for new works. Objects made of more durable materials, like terracotta or metal, survive. (Source: http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/resources/mali/res.htm)
Some image ideas:
http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/resources/mali/works.htm
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mali/hd_mali.htm
http://www.learner.org/courses/globalart/work/114/index.html
Zimbabwe/City-states in East Africa/Influence of Ibn Battuta
Textbook pgs. 194-196Essential questions:
• What valuable natural resources were available in East Africa, and with which regions did communities along the coast trade?
• How do Ibn Battuta's travels help us to learn more about this region in the Middle Ages?
• What are the similarities and differences between Southern African and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• http://fc03.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2010/336/e/e/ah_com__mof_27_entry_by_imperatordeelysium-d342ldb.png__
• http://www.songomnara.rice.edu/images/e_africa_map_large.jpg
• http://www.africanworldheritagesites.org/cultural-places/swahili-coast/ruins-of-kilwa.html
• http://www.palgrave.com/history/shillington/resources/maps/Map9.3.jpg
• trade routes - http://img4.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20110421144303/history2701/images/a/ac/IndianOceanMaritimeRoutes.gif
Links for reading & research:
Great Zimbabwe
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/zimb/hd_zimb.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/10chapter1.shtml
http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/29/travel/900-year-stone-great-zimbabwe/
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/364
http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/kingdoms-southern-africa-great-zimbabwe
http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/roads/2015/10/great_zimbabwe_exploring_the_ruins_of_a_once_powerful_ancient_kingdom.html
Kilwa Kisiwani (trading city on coast)
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/144
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1624_story_of_africa/page76.shtml and http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1624_story_of_africa/page77.shtml (please stay focused on Middle Ages; do not need to focus on Portuguese conquest)
http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/world/africa/ancient-african-coins-history-australia/
Travels of Ibn Battuta: http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/4eastafrica.html. Some portions of this article also may be helpful:
http://www.crf-usa.org/bill-of-rights-in-action/bria-18-1-c-ibn-battuta-the-greatest-traveler-in-the-middle-ages
BBC video (48 min.) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyKrTdv-t4E
Trade networks / trade
http://www.bu.edu/africa/outreach/indian/ (Introduction is helpful)
http://www.indianoceanhistory.org/Student-Guide/Indian-Ocean-Overview.aspx
http://globalmiddleages.org/project/early-global-connections-east-africa-between-asia-and-mediterranean-europe
Mongols
Textbook pgs. 349-350
Essential questions:
• How did the Mongols build an empire in the Eurasian steppes, and what impact did Mongol conquest have on Mongol society and the societies they conquered?
• What was the Silk Road and how did it play a role in trade and exploration?
• What are the similarities and differences between Japanese and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/97/genghis/khanmap.html
• http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/03/140310-genghis-khan-mongols-mongolia-climate-change/
Links for reading & research:
• http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/history/history.htm (helpful resource - explore links in left sidebar)
• http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/volumeonenumberone/mongols.html
• UNESCO - source of text pages I photocopied: http://en.unesco.org/silkroad/knowledge-bank/silk-route-mongols
Japan
Textbook pgs. 360-362 (start with Heian)
Essential questions:
• What were the roles and responsibilities of members of the Japanese feudal class structure?
• What are the cultural and intellectual traditions that emerged during the Japanese feudal period, and in what ways did neighboring cultures influence Japan?
• What are the similarities and differences between Japanese and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• Brief reading - Japan's geography - link
• http://boivieapedia.pbworks.com/f/japantokugawa.bmp
• http://p2eastasia.weebly.com/uploads/4/3/6/8/4368586/1046500.gif
• http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/77/89877-004-6E37274C.gif
Links for reading & research:
PBS - Secrets of an Empire and video link for segment The Way of the Samurai (55 min.)
Asia for Educators, Columbia University (text)
- Overview of Feudal Japan
- Tokugawa Japan
Social Class Structure:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OYvdSvgSQY (2 1/2 minutes)
Kamikaze:
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/11/141104-kamikaze-kublai-khan-winds-typhoon-japan-invasion/
https://www.britannica.com/event/kamikaze-of-1274-and-1281
Japan feudal economy links:
• http://aboutjapan.japansociety.org/content.cfm/japans_medieval_age_the_kamakura__muromachi_periods
• http://www.colorado.edu/cas/tea/curriculum/imaging-japanese-history/medieval/essay.html
• http://www.cambridge.org/us/books/kiple/japan.htm
• http://people.exeter.ac.uk/aebooth/economic_miracles_lecture2/emfc_lect2_japecon_home.htm
• https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/asian-art-museum/aam-Japan/v/samurai-architecture (scroll down to Kamakura Economy)
Religion:
Shintoism and Buddhism - http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/shinto/history/history_1.shtml
Farming:
http://japan-magazine.jnto.go.jp/en/1504_riceterrace.html
http://www.tokyofoundation.org/en/topics/japanese-traditional-foods/vol.-19-rice-grown-in-rice-terraces
http://factsanddetails.com/japan/cat24/sub159/item939.html
http://aboutjapan.japansociety.org/japans_medieval_age_the_kamakura__muromachi_periods#sthash.5Q4owckw.KwCeEkxt.dpbs (sroll down to Kamakura Period: Economy)
Castle links:
http://rubens.anu.edu.au/raid1/student_projects97/castles/building/page.html
https://www.stripes.com/travel/osaka-shogun-s-castle-was-key-to-ancient-japanese-history-1.317332#.WO7Ou1Pysxg
http://www.osaka-info.jp/en/facilities/cat11/post_269.html
Samurai links:
Sword making (technology): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Twwjiape3A (start at 28:17-31:50)
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/samurai/hist-nf.html
Similarities/differences - feudalism in Europe and Japan - http://asianhistory.about.com/od/japan/a/Feudalism-In-Japan-And-Europe.htm
Additional Artifacts
The museum links below may be helpful for you to find additional artifacts related to your civilization. Type in search words to see if the museum collection has any art or artifacts that relate to your culture (ex. search "feudal Japan"). Recommended: keep a folder on your desktop for images AND keep track of their URLs!Museum of Fine Arts (Boston, MA)
Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, NY)
Museum for African Art (New York, NY)
Peabody Essex Museum (Salem, MA)
Harvard Museums (Cambridge, MA)
Yale University Art Gallery (New Haven, CT)
National Museum for African Art/Smithsonian (Washington, DC)
Freer/Sackler Museum for Asian Art/Smithsonian (Washington, DC)
Los Angeles County Museum of Art (Los Angeles, CA)
Detroit Institute of Arts (Detroit, MI)
Field Museum (Chicago, IL)
Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, IL)
China - focus on Tang and Song Dynasties/Influence of Confucius
Essential questions:• Which method of selecting officials led to the best leaders for China?
• How did the Chinese improve their economy during the Tang and Song dynasties?
• How have medieval Chinese discoveries and inventions influenced the modern world?
• What are the similarities and differences between Chinese and European feudal societies?
Geography links:
• http://mrgrayhistory.wikispaces.com/file/view/China_-_Sui_Dynasty.jpg/244019695/847x610/China_-_Sui_Dynasty.jpg
• (Grand Canal) https://ridgeaphistory.wikispaces.com/file/view/tang-dynasty-map-b.gif/300379428/475x333/tang-dynasty-map-b.gif
Links for reading & research:
• PBS Nova (text), China's Age of Invention
• Overview of China in the Middle Ages
• Asia for Educators, Columbia University (text)
- Overview of Feudal China (Song, Mongol, and Ming Dynasties)
- Song Dynasty Engagement with the Outside World (Silk Road)
• http://msuweb.montclair.edu/~lebelp/ChinaDynasties.jpg
Videos about Tang and Song Dynasties:
• Song - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO7NHZJ-eE4
• Chinese dynasties (Crash course in world history - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylWORyToTo4)
• NOVA - Secrets of Lost Empires - China Bridge (54 min.) - http://watchdocumentary.org/watch/secrets-of-the-lost-empires-china-bridge-video_b7888cb99.html
Art & architecture
- http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~phalsall/texts/chinarts.html
- http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/chinese-dynasty-guide.cfm
- http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/clpg/hd_clpg.htm